ABSTRACT
Introduction: Individuals with intellectual disabilities experience greater difficulties compared to the general population in using masks to protect from SARS-CoV-2 due to inability to understand the need to wear masks, hypersalivation, irritability etc. This study aims to identify the challenges faced by these individuals in using masks and their correlation with the severity of intellectual disability. Methodology: 50 individuals aged 6 to 18 years with intellectual disabilities attending NIEPID were recruited after taking informed consent from the caregivers. Socio-demographic details and difficulties faced while using masks and when their family members wear masks were collected using semi-structured proforma. Data was analyzed using MS Excel and SPSS version 25. Result(s): The mean age of participants was 11.06 years. Male: Female ratio was 1.94:1. Majority (92%) of individuals were having mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. 62% wore masks properly. Irritability (24%) and touching the masks repeatedly (54%) were the commonest mood and behavioral changes noted while wearing masks respectively. Soiling of masks as a result of hypersalivation was a concern in 18% of the cases. The strength of significant correlations between the degree of mental retardation and difficulties faced with mask usage was negligible to low. Discussion(s): 88% and 54% of individuals observed their family members while wearing masks and tried to imitate this behaviour respectively. This can be utilized in training to wear masks. Behavioural issues when family members wear masks place them at a higher risk of contracting covid. Improper fitting of masks was an issue in 30% of the study population and requires exercising caution while selecting masks. Conclusion(s): Insights gained into the challenges faced by individuals with intellectual disabilities while using masks help devise appropriate behavioral interventions to enhance compliance with using masks. Mask tolerance training is essential for preparedness for future pandemics.